facing real difficulties in the development of opportunities and
China\\ s vast territory, abundant solar energy resources, the country more than two-thirds of the total area greater than 502 years, thousands of radiation J / sq m, equivalent to about 1400 kwh / square meter or 120 thousands of cards / square meter, which in theory received throughout the year per square meter of solar energy equivalent to 1400 degrees, or 12 tons of water can be heated 100 degrees Celsius. China has a large population, a total of 1.3 billion, the economy is a developing country, the rural population accounted for 75%. According to a recent survey of urban household water heater penetration rate has reached 70%. However, if the rural areas nationwide, including use of electricity or natural gas to provide hot water, its energy and economic pressures will be immense.
China currently has 1.29 billion people, 3.5 million households, the lower the standard 60 degrees Celsius hot water per day per 100 liters of hot water temperature from cold to 45 degrees Celsius calculation, requiring a total heat Q = GCPΔT = 4500 kcal. Electricity equivalent to 5.2 degrees, equivalent to 0.5 cubic meters of natural gas. Per kWh 0.50 yuan, 1.40 yuan per cubic meter of natural gas per day, respectively, need 2.6 yuan (electric), or 0.70 yuan (natural gas). 30 days a month, respectively, and 72 yuan and 21 yuan, 864 yuan per year and 252 were needed dollars. Above are based solely on electricity and natural gas heat value calculation, not yet considered the electric water heater and gas water heaters heat transfer efficiency and its value as scaling effects will certainly continue to decline. Based on the actual survey, a household electricity water heater, the annual electricity consumption of about 1,000 yuan, the use of , its investment in 2000 to 3,000 per hour, two to three years in electricity savings can be recovered.
If all the power to solve the domestic hot water, household needs 2 kW, the country needs 700 million kilowatts, the national installed capacity in 1999 of 2 to 2.5 times. If in ten years to solve 25% of domestic hot water supply, each year need to add 20 million kilowatts installed capacity, quite the Yangtze River Three Gorges power station project an installed capacity of more than 10 times. All domestic hot water solution with a gas, natural gas 63 billion cubic meters per year, and its pressure on resources needed to build gas pipeline investments are unbearable.
Because of this, production and sales of solar water heater has been double-digit growth in recent years. In 2000 total sales of solar water heaters of 600 million square meters of sales income of 60 billion yuan, the total holdings of 26 million square meters, but 80% are located in cities and towns. Solar water heater in 2002 reached 10 billion yuan of output value, accounting for the national GDP, 0.1 per thousand. Currently solar water heaters and electric water heaters, gas water heater, its market share is small, but also from 5.4% in 2002 to 11.3% in 2003, doubled. Solar water heaters are expected to be rapid growth in the vast rural areas, 2005, 2010, 2015, in the national household penetration will reach 8%, 15%, 25%. Market share in the three major water heater, will soon be a \"third world\" situation. The economic benefits of solar water heaters and environmental benefits, its development has provided great opportunities.
However, the development of solar water heaters are also facing very real difficulties. Summarized as follows:
First, the state to promote solar thermal lack of clear policy support, especially in the industries under the jurisdiction of the current issue of the delay can not be determined, promote the use of solar energy construction standards lags behind, some of the charges around the goal of \"quality control\" increased market confusion and so on.
Second, real estate developers of solar water heaters, apathy, and their arrangement on the indoor area, outdoor environment, level of interest in the United States compared to other issues, a serious lack of enthusiasm.
Third, the design and planning department of the lack of a sense of responsibility to promote the application of solar and long-term considerations, urban management departments are not to be included in the management field, but also a lack of management. Although the property management department and the owners have introduced the \"Property Management Regulations\" to regulate, but let the \"Regulations\" normal operation, there will be quite some time.
Fourth, the normal use of a solar water heater, involving host production quality, supporting quality fittings, heating element quality, water quality, water temperature meter, installation quality, and service to honor these commitments to ensure that the six issues, the current market mechanism in the absence of management in this area, the installation of a solar water heater is often not convenient to the user, but a lot of trouble.
Fifth, more and more compressed urban high-rise building solar water heater market, but can not ask the city\\ s long-awaited \"balcony\" type solar water heater, is bound to its own with the construction and the combination of a higher thermal efficiency requirements .
Sixth, the price of solar water heaters, although a huge difference between different brands) are often more than double), but has been declining in recent years, and may have further to fall. Here there are of course the reason there is a big profit margins, but rapidly shrinking profits although it may encourage technological progress, but also often cause producers to give up some quality goals, to the detriment of the interests of consumers has also brought negative impact on the market.
Seven, due to the vast rural areas of dispersion, the solar water heater \"free\" to make a higher demand. Of course, since the majority of farmers is still low level of the overall economy, but also how to reduce the cost of solar water heaters made new demands.
Eight, have mushroomed rapidly increase and OEM \"brandable\" mode, what will the market for solar water heaters, what kind of results, is still difficult to predict.